نشانی مقاله ی اصلی Aryans

Darius Kiyani

الف) The word "Ariya" in the Avestan language is "Iriya / Airya", also Persian "Aryeh / Ariya» and the Sanskrit language «Ariya / It is Arya. This name-word means "noble, honorable, free and friendly". [Fry, p 2 ; Froshi, p 11 ; Ismailpour, p 79].
"Aryan" people or in other words "Indo-Virani" is the eastern branch of a great people called "Indo-European" who in the third millennium B.C.. They rose from the lands located in the plains of southern Russia, the eastern and lower reaches of the Dnieper River, the North Caucasus, and the western Urals, and gradually gained large parts of Europe and Asia. [Gershman, p 9 And 4 ـ 52 ; Dushangeman (1375) , p 21 ; Spring (1377) , p 143 ; Spring (1376) , p. 6 385 ; Spring (1352) , P. Hfdeh; Froshi, P. Peng; Ismailpour, p 78].

Indo-Iranians or Aryans in Andronovo civilization area (An area including the lands located in Western Siberia up to the Ural River) They lived in the second millennium B.C. groups with the intention of migrating and discovering new and desirable areas, towards the Indus Plain and West Asia (Anatolia, Zagros and Middle River) They sent and sent. These groups were able to create powerful governments and brilliant civilizations in those regions in connection with native Asian peoples such as Kassis and Hittites. [Cameroon, p. 16 and 70 and 7-106; Gershman, p 52 ; Boyce (1377) , p 64 ــ 58 ; Boyce (1376) , p. 9 28 ; Boyce (1375) , p. 17; Fry, p 3 ; Dushangeman (1375) , p 22 ; Ismailpour, p 79].
Another group of Indo-Iranian tribes (Aryan) who formed the ancestors of the next Iranians, in the first millennium B.C. From the same origin, they went to Najd, Iran, and finally stopped at the foothills of Zagros, and each of them, after a long time of coexistence and cooperation and mixing with the indigenous peoples of the region, created a brilliant government and civilization.. "Meds" and "Persians" were the two main groups of these Aryan immigrant tribes who established their government and civilization in the west and southwest of Najd, Iran. [Camron, p. 107; Boyce (1377) , p 68 ، 64 ; Boyce (1375) , p. 17; Fry, p. 112r 5 ــ 44 ; Gershman, p 64 ; Hintz, p 164 ; Havar, p 28 ; Spring (1376) , p. 9 388 ; Spring (1377) , p 143 ; Zrenkoop, p 69 Next; Ismailpour, p 79].
Aryans and in general, Indo-Europeans have such common and unified intellectual, social, biological and anthropological features and characteristics that, as a whole, completely differentiate them from the peoples belonging to other races, and therefore the title of "nation" is applied to this The group seems completely obvious and reasonable. These features include::
1. patriarchy: The male element is also in Izdestan (Pantheon) And in the society of this people, it is important [Fry, p 32 ; Spring (1376) , p 50 ــ 449 ; Pyrenia, p 164].
2. animal husbandry: Herding and animal husbandry are the main and major occupations of this people, especially horse breeding. [Gershman, p 65 ,63 ; Fry, p 39 ، 31 ; Spring (1376) , p 386].
3. زبان: All Indo-European peoples (Among them, the Indo-Iranians) They have a language with a common root and structure, which belongs to the group of "linkage" languages; Various Indo-European languages ​​have a lot of common and similar words, which is a sign of the origin and single origin of all these languages. [The Legacy of Iran, p 319 ; Dehkhoda dictionary, p 9 ; Pyrenia, p 34 ؛ http://iranianlanguages.com/indo-european.htm ؛ www.geocities.com/valentyn_ua/Tables.html].
4. Fighting and riding: These tribes were mainly warriors on horseback, whose cavalry and chariots were the guarantee of their victory and conquest, and in this sense, they served the indigenous tribes of the region as a military and combat force in some periods. [Gershman, p 67 ، 65 ; Fry, p 32].
5. religion: Kihanashnasy (Cosmology)Yazdonology (Theology) And the religious-mythological thoughts of the Indo-European peoples are identical and common. Among all the Indo-European peoples, there is a single and ancient belief in the god of the sky (with real name: Deiwos) There is [Gershman, p 53 ; Alyadah, p 80 ; Spring (1376) , p 450 ; Fry, p 33]. And there are deities with the function of urbanism-religious, war-seeking, and agriculture-fertility in Yazdology of most of these tribes. [Starry, p 41 ـ 1 ; Dushangeman (1350) , p 73 Next]. The names and functions of ancient Indian, Vedic and Iranian gods are generally the same [Spring (1376) , p 87 ــ 452 ; Spring (1352) , pp. twenty-two-twenty-six; Ismailpour, p 7 ـ 80 ; Pyrenia, p 163].
6. Richter (morphous): Indo-Europeans and Aryans belong to the white race, and this separates them from blacks and yellow-skinned Altaics.. Another characteristic of Indo-Europeans is having flat skulls, which makes them different from other tribes with oval skulls. [Gershman, p 65 ; Pyrenia, p 30].
B) In the old and new Zoroastrian texts, the name of the ancient homeland of Zoroastrianism and the origin and sacred land of the Aryans. (Iranians) It has been known as "Iranvij".. This word in Avestan language is "Irianeh and Vajeh". / Airyāna-vaējah" and in Middle Persian (Pahlavi) “Aranog / Ērānvēj" and means "[origin] He is of Aryan descent. This word is mentioned a lot in Avesta: yes 9/14 ; Hormozdisht/21; Abanyasht/104 17 ; Darvasipisht/25; Ramyasht/2; Artyasht/45; He made a video 1/2 1 and 2/21 ; And … (Also look at: Bundahish, p 152 ، 133 ، 106 ، 78 ، 76 And…).
Identification of archaeological artifacts belonging to around the century 15 p.m. In the Andronovo civilization area (From Western Siberia to the Ural River) And its correspondence with the descriptions of Gahan and Old Avesta about the Zoroastrian era society, the location of Zoroastrian's birthplace and the origin of Aryans. (Aaranuej) in the mentioned area and specifically in the current "Kazakhstan", reveals and proves it [Boyce (1377) , p 49 With it yet; Boyce (1381) , p 15 ; Spring (1376) , p 387 Next]. Aryan tribes (Ancestors of later Iranians) After migrating from this region to more southern areas in Central Asia and then to Najd, Iran (10th century B.C.)They knew and called their ancestral land, which they left in the past, as "Iranvij".. It should be mentioned that "Zoroaster" - the ancient messenger of Iranians - several centuries before the beginning of Aryan migration. (Iranian ancestors), lives in "Iranvij".: 13th century B.C. [Boyce (1377), second chapter].
In Avesta (Yasht 13/4 - 143) Indo-Iranian tribes living in Iranvij and its surroundings, Airya (Zarathustra's own people), Tura, Sairima, Sāini, and Dāhi have been known and blessings have been sent to the souls of the believers of these tribes. [Boyce (1377) , p 32 ; Boyce (1376) , p 144 ; Fry, p 8 ـ 67 ; Christensen, p 9 ــ 95 ; Froshi, p 5 ــ 13].
پ) About the migration path of Aryan peoples (Media and Persia) There have long been two views on the interior of Nejd, Iran; In one point of view, the entrance of this migration is considered to be the Caucasus, and in another point of view, it is beyond Anhar and Khorasan.. But today, the certainty and correctness of the second point of view has become obvious and proven; Because, firstly, obtaining a lot of archaeological artifacts from the central areas of Iran (Like Kashan silk) which is related to and belongs to the immigrant and educated people with Aryan characteristics, it shows that this area is on the migration path of Aryan peoples. (Iran) has been [Boyce (1376) , p 41 ; Boyce (1375) , p 19 ; Boyce (1377) , p 66 And 64 ; Gershman, p 1 ــ 60 ، 67 Next; Spring (1376) , p 391 ، 389]; And secondly, the closeness and continuity of the ancient Persian language with the Aryan languages ​​of Central Asia. (such as Kharazmi and Sogdi) It is much more than with the Aryan languages ​​of the Caucasus region such as Sarmatian. [Boyce (1375) , p 18 ; fry, 79 And 74 ; Havar, p 28 ; Strabo (Pyrenia, p 160)] And this is the point of the connection diagram and closerness of the Iranian people (Media and Persia) It is with other Aryan peoples who live in Trans-Netherlands and Central Asia than the Aryans who live in the Caucasus..
Based on what has been said, it is obvious that the entry of Iranian ethnic migration (Media and Persia) It has been across the river and Khorasan.
T) In the last few years, a group of separatist writers, in order to "prove their existence by denying the identity of others", have turned to denying the "Aryan" ethnicity.. But the vain and worthless effort of these people is completely fruitless because a lot of continuous historical documents confirm the existence of a full-fledged nation called "Aryan".:
1. In all old and new Zoroastrian texts, the ethnicity of Iranians is considered "Aryan"; As: اوستا (Khordad Yasht/5; Aban Yasht/42, 49 ، 58 ، 69 ، 117 ; Ter Yacht/6, 36 ، 56 ، 58 ، 61 ; Darvasep Yasht/21; Mehr Yasht/4, 13; Farvardin Yasht/10, 43 44 ، 87 ، 143 ، 144 ; Bahramyasht/50, 53 60; Ramyasht/32; Artyasht/41, 43 ; Ashtadisht/1,2, 7 ، 9 ; Zamyadisht/57, 59 ،60 ،62 ، 64 ، 69 ; And…) And also Bindesh, p 72 ، 83 ، 109 And…
Is it possible to ignore the thousands of years of Iranians' belief and emphasis on their ethnicity, as reflected in their old and new religious texts and clearly called "Aryan"?
2. Darius and Xerxes - Achaemenid kings - in some of their surviving texts, called themselves "an Aryan of Aryan descent" (Ariya:Ariyačiča) They introduce (DNa, DSe, XPh). Darius the Great called his language "Aryan" in other texts. (DB.IV) And he also declares "Ahura Mazda" as "God of Aryans". [Brian, p 406 ; Westhofer, p 11]. Can this clear and firm statement of the Achaemenid kings about the origin of the "Aryan" people be rejected and ignored?
3. A number of ancient historians like Herdot [Pyrenia, p 7 ــ 666], Strabo [Pyrenia, p 160] and Musa Khurni [Fry, p 4 ، 411] Medes and Persians have been called "Aryans".. Can the clear meaning of this title be ignored by the mentioned historians?
4. Basically, the name of the country "Iran" alone is indicative of the "Aryan" descent of the people of this land and is a clear sign of the authenticity and truth of the "Aryan" people.. We know that the word "Iran" is composed of: “Air” (= Arya) + "in" (= Place suffix) and means "place of Aryans" [Persian culture, vol 5 , p 206 ; Froshi, p 11].
Is it possible to deny the existence of this "ethnicity" after thousands of years when Iranians have called and considered their land and ancestry as "Aryan"?
The summary of the discussion is that the Aryans were a people with a common and identical language, beliefs, culture and structure that both themselves and others clearly called and called this people "Aryan".. Now, how can this group of people, who have such common features and characteristics, not be considered a distinct and specific people, and not defined and recognized in the framework of an "ethnicity" and not given a "name" for them - a name that this people Has it been on him for a long time?

ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ
Kitabname:
- Ismailpour, Abulqasem: "Myth, Symbolic Statement", Soroush Publications, 1377
Ilyada, Mircha: "Treatise on the History of Religions", translated by Jalal Sattari, Soroush Publications, 1376
Boyce, Mary (1375): "History of Kish Zoroasht", second volume, translated by Homayoun Ushtanizadeh, TOS Publications
Boyce, Mary (1376): "History of Kish Zoroaster", Volume 1, translated by Homayoun Ushtanizadeh, Tos Publishing House
Boyce, Mary (1377): "Summary of the History of Kish Zoroasht", translated by Homayun Ushtanizadeh, Safiali Shah Publishing House
Boyce, Mary (1381): "Zoroastrians; Their religious beliefs and customs", translated by Askar Bahrami, Phoenix Publications
Brian, Pierre: "History of the Achaemenid Empire", translated by Mehdi Samsar, Zaryab Publications. 1378
- "Bandesh": Written by Farnbagh Dadgi, translated by Mehrdad Bahar, Tos Publishing. 1369
Bahar, Mehrdad (1352): "Myths of Iran", Publications of Iran Farhang Foundation
Bahar, Mehrdad (1376): "Research on Iranian Mythology", Age Publications
Bahar, Mehrdad (1377): "From myth to history", Cheshme publication
Pirnia, Hassan: "The History of Ancient Iran", Afrasiab Publications, 1378
Duchengeiman, Jacques (1350): "Zoroaster and the Western World", translated by Masoud Rajabnia, Publications of Ancient Iranian Culture Association
Duchengeiman, Jacques (1375): "Religion of ancient Iran", translated by Roya Mojm, Fikr Rooz Publications
Zarinkob, Abdul Hussein: "History of Iranian people", (Iran before Islam), Amirkabir Publications, 1373
Sattari, Jalal: "The World of Mythology", the fourth volume, published by the Center, 1379
Fry, Richard: "The Ancient Heritage of Iran", translated by Masoud Rajabnia, Scientific and Cultural Publications, 1368
- Sale, Bahram: "Iranvij", Tehran University Press, 1374
Persian culture: Dr. Mohammad Moin, Amir Kabir Publishing House, 1380
Christensen, Arthur (1376): "Mazda worship in ancient Iran", translated by Zabihullah Safa, Hirmand Publications
Cameron, George: "Iran at the dawn of history", translated by Hassan Anoushe, scientific and cultural publications, 1365
Girshman, Roman: "History of Iran from the beginning to Islam", translated by Mahmoud Behfrozi, Jami Publications. 1379
- "Dictionary of Dehkhoda", introduction: Under the supervision of Dr. Mohammad Moin, 1337
“Iran’s legacy”: Under the supervision of A.J. Arbari, translated by Ahmad Birshak and others, book translation and publishing company, 1346
Westhofer, Joseph: "Ancient Iran", translated by Morteza Saqibfar, Qaqnoos Publications, 1377
- Havar, Kalman: "Iran and Iranian Civilization", translated by Hassan Anousheh, Amir Kabir Publications. 1379
Hintz, Walter: "The Lost World of Ilam", translated by Firouz Firouznia, Scientific and Cultural Publications, 1376